Is generally defined as the "angular distance" measured on a meridian.
(1) Astronomic is the angle between a plumb line and the plane of the celestial equator, i.e. measured on the geoid.
(2) Geodetic is the angle between a normal to the reference spheroid and the geodetic equator.
Source
http://www.fairview-industries.com/webdocs/original-glossary.pdf